[Resist the chaos of "rice circles"] What are rice circles? Definition and characteristics of fan culture

Rice circle is the abbreviation of fan circle, specifically refers to the fan group who likes a star or group. This word originated from fans calling themselves "rice", which means that fans are as indispensable as eating, but also have the meaning of aggregation and adhesion. Therefore, the circle composed of fans is called "rice circle".

The word "rice" may be derived from the transliteration of the English word "fans", which is composed of "fan" and "s" to indicate multiple fans. "Fans" is the plural form of the English word "fan", which comes from "fanatic" and is later simplified to "fan" and widely used. In English, "fan" refers to a person who is particularly interested in and supports a certain sport, art, entertainment or other activities, especially a supporter of an athlete, band, actor or other artist. "Fan" usually refers to a single supporter, while "fans" refers to multiple supporters.

In Chinese, "fan" is transliterated as "rice", so "rice circle" has become the abbreviation of fan circle. Fans form a group and share their interests and enthusiasm with each other, thus forming a circle, the so-called "rice circle".

The meaning of rice circle

Rice circle is the abbreviation of fan circle, specifically refers to the fan group who likes a star or group. In today’s society, the entertainment industry is booming, and the stars shine in the public’s field of vision like bright stars, attracting the attention and love of countless people. Fans’ love for stars is no longer just appreciation, but has gradually formed an organized and cohesive group, which is rice circles.

The origin of the word "rice circle" is quite interesting. Fans call themselves "rice", which means fans and fans. This title seems to give them a special identity, so that they can find a sense of belonging and identity among many people. The circle formed by these fans is called "rice circle", which is like an invisible big family, bringing together people from all corners of the country with common interests.

In this circle, fans have a strong emotional connection because of their love for stars. They will cheer for every performance of the star and be proud of every achievement of the star. Whether it is a wonderful performance on the stage or a little detail in life, it can become a topic that fans talk about. This kind of love is not only an appreciation of the talent and charm of stars, but also an emotional sustenance and pursuit.

For example, when a singer releases a new album, fans in the rice circle will buy and share it at the first time. They will carefully taste the lyrics and melody of each song and feel the emotions and stories that the singer wants to convey. When an actor plays a new film and television work, fans will actively promote it and recommend it to more people through various channels, hoping that more people can enjoy the wonderful performance of their idols.

In short, the formation of rice circles is a concentrated expression of fans’ love for stars, which provides a platform for fans to communicate and share, so that they can understand and support their favorite stars more deeply.

Characteristics of rice circles

The members of the rice circle are rich and diverse, including star diehard powder, passerby powder, illegitimate powder and black powder, etc., and the connotation is more complicated.

Die-hard fans, they are the most determined and fanatical group in the rice circle. Their love for idols goes deep into the bone marrow, and they will always support and follow them no matter whether they are at the peak or the trough. They will spend a lot of time and energy to collect all kinds of information about idols, including photos, videos, news reports and so on. They will go as far as Wan Li to attend idol concerts and face-to-face meetings, just to see idol’s figure and hear idol’s voice at close range. They will list, vote and criticize idols on social media, and do their best to maintain their image and reputation.

Passerby powder is relatively casual and gentle. They may have a good impression on a star because of a film and television work, a song or a variety show, but this affection is not as strong and lasting as die-hard fans. They may pay attention to the dynamics of stars, but they will not invest too much time and energy. Their support for the stars is more reflected in the occasional praise, comments and sharing.

Illegitimate flour and black flour are special in rice circles. In order to satisfy their own selfish desires, illegitimate powder does not hesitate to invade the privacy of stars, tracking and photographing their daily lives, which has brought great troubles and threats to stars. Black powder, for various reasons, maliciously attacks and discredits the stars, spreads false rumors and destroys the image and reputation of the stars.

The rice circle culture contains rich and varied contents, such as the internal rules of the fan group, special terms, the activity of playing the list, the gathering of activities, the purchase of surrounding products and other requirements in the circle.

There are strict rules within the fan group, which may include how to communicate with other fans, how to treat the negative news of idols, and how to participate in aid activities. Special terms are a major feature of rice circle culture, such as "life’s core monuments", "Wall Head", "Climbing the Wall", "Controlling Evaluation" and "Beating Vote". These terms can only be understood by people inside the rice circle, and they have become a unique password for communication among fans.

The activity of playing the list is one of the important indicators to measure the support of fans to idols. Fans will make a list of idol songs and film and television works through various music platforms and social media to improve the ranking and popularity of idols. Event gathering is an important way for fans to get together offline. They will gather together in important occasions such as idol concerts, face-to-face meetings and birthday parties to cheer for idols together. Buying peripheral products is also a way for fans to express their support. From posters and photo albums to various products endorsed by celebrities, fans will not hesitate to buy them to show their love for idols.

Fans spontaneously cheer, publicize and increase traffic for their idols in the rice circle. They will post a lot of content about idols on social media, including pictures, videos and texts, to attract more people’s attention. They will organize various online and offline publicity activities, such as street publicity and public welfare activities, to enhance the popularity and reputation of idols. They will also increase the traffic for idols in various ways, such as brushing the broadcast volume, brushing comments, etc., so as to make idols stand out in the highly competitive entertainment circle.

Organizational form of rice circles

Rice circles are mostly organized by star brokerage companies for fans who are stuck with their stars. In today’s highly commercialized entertainment industry, star brokerage companies are well aware of the power and value of fans. In order to better manage and guide fans, brokerage companies will take various measures to organize and operate rice circles.

With the development of the times, the entertainment circle gave birth to a new term "rice circle" in idolize, and a huge fan group with the psychology of "an old mother raising a son" appeared. The appearance of this psychological phenomenon is not accidental, it reflects the changes of social culture and people’s psychological needs.

In the fast-paced and high-pressure modern life, people are eager to find an emotional sustenance and spiritual comfort. For many fans, idols have become their ideal perfect images, bearing their dreams and hopes. They put their emotions into the support and care for idols, as if taking care of a child who needs care. This psychology of "an old mother raising a son" makes fans have a strong sense of responsibility and desire for protection. They are willing to pay everything for their idols, including time, money and energy.

The growth of idols is also the self-realization process of fans, who are the spokesmen of fans’ subjectivity and satisfy the viewers’ self-imagination. When idols shine on the stage and show excellent acting skills in film and television works, fans will feel extremely proud and satisfied, as if their efforts and contributions have been rewarded. The success of idols makes fans see the possibility of realizing their dreams and inspires them to pursue better themselves in their own lives.

At the same time, idols are also the objects in their desires, filling the vacancy of ideal partners. In real life, people may face all kinds of emotional deficiencies and dissatisfaction. The perfect image and charm of idols make fans find the characteristics of ideal partners in their imagination. They project their desire for love, friendship and affection on idols, and make up for their regrets in reality through their love for idols.

For example, a young girl may not meet a boy who excites her in life, but she finds the qualities of an ideal partner such as gentleness, handsomeness and talent in her idol. She will pin her longing for love on idols and satisfy her deep yearning for beautiful love by supporting idols.

Problems and influence of rice circles

The rice circle culture is not completely positive, but it also brings a series of problems and negative effects. In this era of information explosion, some bad phenomena of rice circles have gradually surfaced, which has aroused widespread concern and concern from all walks of life.

In order to maintain their idols, some fans are willing to be enemies with the whole world and attack each other, resulting in cyber violence. On social media, it is often seen that fans of different idols have a fierce battle of abuse because of some trivial things. They are violent and aggressive, and even personally attack and insult others. This kind of network violence not only hurts the feelings of others, but also destroys the harmony and civilization of the network environment.

In addition, the phenomenon of Yan value worship, money worship and comparison, cyber violence and hatred in rice circle culture has also aroused widespread concern in society. In rice circles, face value is often overemphasized, and some fans only value the appearance of idols, ignoring their inner qualities and talents. This kind of worship of Yan value easily leads to the distortion of values, which makes young people pursue the beauty of appearance excessively, while ignoring the inner cultivation and ability improvement.

Gold worship and comparison is also a prominent problem in rice circle culture. In order to support idols, some fans spend a lot of money to buy expensive peripheral products, attend expensive concerts and meetings. They compare with each other who spends more money on idols, which not only increases the financial burden of families, but also makes young people develop bad consumption habits and values.

Cyber violence is a big cancer in rice circle culture. In order to maintain the image of idols, some fans maliciously attack and harass people who criticize idols, and even disclose personal information of others, which has brought great troubles and threats to others’ lives. This kind of behavior not only violates laws and regulations, but also seriously infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of others.

Advocating hatred is also a serious problem in rice circle culture. Some fans spread hate speech on the internet because of their dissatisfaction with other idols or fan groups, inciting opposition among fans. This kind of behavior not only destroys the harmony and stability of society, but also has a bad influence on the mental health of teenagers.

These problems not only pollute the network ecological environment, but also affect the normal social order, especially the healthy growth of teenagers. Teenagers are in the critical period of forming their values, and they are easily influenced by bad factors in rice circle culture, which leads to wrong values and behavior patterns. For example, some teenagers neglect their studies for the sake of idolize, and even commit crimes.

In order to create a healthy, civilized and harmonious network environment, we need to strengthen the guidance and management of rice circle culture, standardize the behavior of fans and advocate rational idolize. At the same time, families and schools should also strengthen the education of teenagers, guide them to establish correct values and outlook on life, so that they can correctly treat the culture of stars and rice circles and avoid being adversely affected.

conclusion

To sum up, Fanquan is a group composed of fans, aiming to support and promote their favorite stars or groups. In this passionate and energetic group, fans express their love and support for idols in various ways.

However, with the continuous expansion and evolution of rice circle culture, it has also brought some negative effects. These negative effects not only affect the healthy development of the network environment, but also have a certain impact on the social order and the growth of teenagers.

We need to arouse the attention and reflection from all walks of life and discuss how to guide the development of rice circle culture in a positive and healthy direction. This requires the joint efforts of stars, brokerage companies, fans and all sectors of society. Stars should lead by example, set a good example and influence fans with their positive energy. Brokerage companies should strengthen the guidance and management of fans and standardize their behavior. Fans should also be rational, civilized and idolize, and respect the rights and feelings of others.

Only through the joint efforts of all parties, can we make rice circle culture a positive force and make contributions to social development and progress.

Source: Net letter Yangyuan

Editor: Han Jie, Yang Shuyu, Fu Mingkuo

Editor: Wang Zhiyu, Li Hui and Li Zhanying

Net letter Funing

Disclaimer: Ben WeChat official account enjoys the copyright of the original manuscript, and all media reprint this original micro-signal work, which needs to be marked from the micro-signal "Net Letter Funing".

Original title: "[Resist the chaos of" rice circles "] What are rice circles? Definition and characteristics of fan culture "

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New technology is a "double-edged sword": tapping the potential of blockchain and being alert to various potential risks.

  During the 18th collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "we should strengthen the guidance and standardization of blockchain technology" and "we should implement the rule of law in the management of blockchain and promote the safe and orderly development of blockchain".

  At present, the blockchain is still in the early stage of accelerated development, and its technology and application prospects are broad, but the risks cannot be ignored.

  Beware of investment risks

  He Ping, a professor of finance at Tsinghua University Institute of Economics and Management and director of China Financial Research Center, revealed that the blockchain industry is booming and new enterprises are constantly pouring into the track. "Some track participants don’t really understand what distributed storage is, and they don’t understand how blockchain can promote business model improvement. Over-investment is one of the risks currently facing the blockchain industry. "

  In particular, illegal and illegal projects packaged as investment targets under the concept of blockchain have brought harm to society.

  On August 28, 2018, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Central Network Information Office, the Ministry of Public Security, the People’s Bank of China and the State Administration of Market Supervision jointly issued the Risk Warning on Preventing Illegal Fund Raising in the Name of Virtual Currency and Blockchain. It is mentioned in the risk warning that some lawless elements have issued so-called virtual currency, virtual assets and digital assets under the banner of financial innovation and blockchain.

  If the application of blockchain technology cannot bring positive benefits to society, it is not a good project. He Ping agrees with this view. "Risks always exist. Investors should be cautious and carefully screen many blockchain projects."

  Beware of financial risks

  He Ping emphasized that fraudulent acts with the concept of blockchain emerge in an endless stream in the market, and the financial risks caused by it cannot be ignored. For violations of laws and regulations, regulators should strictly enforce the law, learn from past mistakes, and prevent Ponzi schemes from appearing.

  Yang Dong, director of the Big Data Blockchain and Supervision Science and Technology Laboratory of China Renmin University, said that technological innovation will bring quantitative risk and qualitative risk. For example, he said, financial technology will greatly reduce the connection cost between fund providers and demanders, but the characteristics of financial risks such as concealment, suddenness, contagion and negative externalities will not disappear.

  "Not only that, financial, technical and network risks are more prone to superposition and aggregation effects, which make risks spread faster and wider, and are more prominent in technical risks, operational risks and systemic risks." Yang Dong said.

  Yang Dong also said that the blockchain is being integrated with different technologies, and the boundary between the real world and the virtual world is being blurred, and the risks caused by it in the field of financial technology have gradually emerged.

  Beware of regulatory risks

  Yang Dong believes that in view of the rapid development of the blockchain industry, the traditional regulatory model is weak, and various risks brought about by information asymmetry are increasingly prominent.

  Yang Dong pointed out that the rapid changes in science and technology make the fact-based supervision path overwhelming managers, and the urgency of supervision will make data identification more difficult.

  "In an era of changeable, complex and destructive innovations, it is not easy to determine the regulatory targets, regulatory timing and regulatory methods."

  On the legal level, Yang Dong believes that there is a certain lag in regulating the development of blockchain industry through traditional regulatory laws, which is particularly evident in the financial field of blockchain technology application.

  "On the whole, the principle of supervision tends to sum up lessons afterwards. The principles, concepts and even theories of such traditional prudential supervision and behavioral supervision cannot effectively cope with the rapid development of new formats such as financial technology." Yang Dong said.

  Beware of technical risks

  The "Blockchain White Paper (2019)" issued by China Institute of Information and Communication shows that the number of applications for open blockchain patents in the world is as high as 18,000, with China accounting for more than half, ranking first in the world.

  The white paper also shows that in terms of patent authorization, although the number of blockchain patent applications in China ranks first at present, most of them are in the review stage, and most of the authorized patents are utility model and marginal patents.

  By the end of 2018, 771 blockchain invention patents were authorized in the world, and only 53 in China.

  Zhou Ping, director of the Software Engineering and Evaluation Center of China Institute of Electronic Technology Standardization, believes that there are many risk points in blockchain technology. Openness, transparency and non-tampering are the main characteristics of blockchain. With the development of technology, new privacy protection risks cannot be ignored. In addition, many current blockchain applications are mainly based on the improvement and upgrading of foreign open source technologies. Large-scale applications have the risk of interconnection, which may form many new information islands and may even be technically controlled by people. In addition, it is necessary to prevent overheating investment in blockchain infrastructure to avoid waste of resources.

  How to supervise scientifically and effectively?

  With the popularization and application of blockchain technology, in addition to technical supervision, legal and policy supervision has become more and more urgent.

  Yang Dong said that in the face of new problems brought by new technologies, it is urgent to break through the traditional regulatory dimension, make full use of the opportunities brought by technology, solve the shackles of "chaos control cycle" in supervision, and effectively control risks while promoting innovation.

  "Science and technology have profoundly affected the legal and governance system, and adhering to the combination of science and technology governance and legal governance is an effective way to reshape the regulatory capacity." Yang Dong said that the impact of blockchain lies not only in the reconstruction of productivity and technology, but also in the level of production relations and rules, affecting the distribution mechanism of interests and the pattern of interests.

  In view of how to supervise scientifically and effectively, Li Ming, director of the Blockchain Research Office of China Institute of Electronic Technology Standardization, believes that relevant departments should establish a sound supervision system, use laws and regulations to clarify the main responsibility, use policies to guide the direction, and manage and control technological risks through science and technology. At the same time, explore targeted regulatory means and methods to manage network, hardware, software and information-related service providers.

  Yang Dong also believes that the regulatory authorities should actively explore the application of blockchain, promote the development of this technology in an orderly manner and reduce the risks brought by technology.

"Old man is happy", it is difficult to break through.

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:Cube Knowledge Manufacturing Bureau (ID: M3zhizaoju), Author: Sun Pengfei, editor: Tang Xiaoyuan, the original title: "Who knows China’s new countryside, who will have its 100 billion market blue ocean after leaving", the title map comes from: vision china.

The wind of China’s new energy automobile market is still going on, and even the big Internet companies have entered the workshop-Baidu wants to build an "automobile robot", Tencent wants to be a car-enterprise connector, Huawei, who keeps saying that it won’t build a car, has handed over the world, and Ali has cooperated with SAIC to make a wise man.

However, before Wuling Hongguang MINI EV, the wave of new energy vehicles rarely covered the vast third-and fourth-tier township markets.Residents there rely on a transitional product-"Old Man Le" to travel through the countryside.

Today, Cube Knowledge Manufacturing Bureau deeply investigated the "old man’s music" in transition, and restored their life-and-death struggle under the attack of policy surprise and car companies’ dimensionality reduction.

In March 2016, a classic British car with an original price of less than 200 pounds was sold at a premium of 60,000 times in Sotheby’s.(about 1.2 million yuan), enough to buy a Porsche 911.

Bidding for the Pierre P50, which has another title: the world’s most pocket-sized car.

P50 is a three-wheeled car. The tires are only the size of doughnuts, and the height and width of the car body are about 1m, which is almost half of that of Wuling Hongguang MINIEV. It can accommodate an adult driver and a shopping bag, with a top speed of 45km/h..

The P50 doesn’t have a reverse gear, and the weight of the car is just over 100 kilograms. The owner can drag the P50 like a big piece of luggage.

A means of transportation like P50, whose price and body are smaller than ordinary cars and whose speed is lower than 70km/h, is called "ATV" in France. If lead-acid battery and electric system are used, it will become the "old man’s joy" known to China netizens-low-speed electric vehicle.

In China, once this kind of "car" with a price of less than 20,000 yuan "didn’t need a driver’s license, license and insurance".You can buy food and pick up the baby by driving directly on the road.

It’s a magical story in Europe and America to have a try and break three wheels and become a luxury car. Spell a spell, "Old Man Le" joined the regular army, which is the current story of China.

Since March last year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has listed "Old Man Le" as the management standard of miniature pure electric vehicles for the first time.The new regulations have been implemented since September last year.

Number of seats: 4 or less.

Maximum speed: less than 70km/h

Body size: the length should be no more than 3.5m, the width should be no more than 1.5m, the height should be no more than 1.7m, and the curb weight of the whole vehicle should not exceed 750kg.

Battery: Only Ferrous lithium phosphate or ternary lithium battery can be used.

Energy density: not less than 70Wh/kg

This national policy is the general manager, and local governments have issued corresponding management regulations, which vary from place to place-

For example, Beijing:

Beijing banned the sale of old people’s music. From January 1, 2024, "old people’s music" had to drive on the road and could not be parked in public places.

Another example is Liaocheng, Shandong:

Since last year, there have been 44,000 traffic violations of "Old Man Le" in Liaocheng. During this summer vacation(July 10th to September 10th)Liaocheng concentrated on rectifying the "Old Man Music", strictly checking the roads in the no-go area where the old man was happy, implementing stepped punishment, and seizing and collecting according to law.

In this way, the old man and the "old man music" enterprises are not happy."Old Man Le" needs a driver’s license, a license and risks on the road.

The low-price advantage of "Lao Toule" car companies is gone. Originally, Lao Toule could sell for 20,000 yuan or less, mainly using lead-acid batteries which are 6,000-7,000 yuan cheaper than lithium batteries and have great environmental pollution.Now that the cost has gone up, the attraction to rural users has also declined.

To put it bluntly, the impact of the new regulations on low-end capacity enterprises in China’s automobile industry is"Upgrade a batch, standardize a batch, and eliminate a batch".

One year after the new regulations, today, the Cube Knowledge Manufacturing Bureau conducted an in-depth investigation of the disappearing "Old Man Le" enterprises through interviews with senior people in the industry, and 90% of them have become floating foam in the Red Sea in the vast rural areas.

The remaining enterprises have little time left-

Laodule enterprises such as Reading, Yujie and Jimai have been transformed into A00-class new energy automobile manufacturers, and they have entered the same river and lake as Wuling Hongguang MINI EV, but they have not sold more than 10,000 vehicles per month, so it is difficult to produce them on a large scale.

Today, the rivers and lakes of China’s new energy vehicles are like a yan zhen, and the low value-added "Laodule" enterprises are at the bottom.

At the moment of manufacturing transformation and upgrading,If we can’t get rid of low value-added production, the "old man le" enterprise can’t find its positioning and market, and the only way to return is to die.

A passer-by in the rush era

"Old Man Le", a travel tool with "original sin", can break out in the countryside, mainly based on two key elements:

1. Traditional car companies and new car-making forces ignore the rural travel market and let the "old man music" take advantage of it;

2. The advantages of low price and low cost of "Old Man Le" are quite attractive to the rural market.

"Old Man Le" will surely become a passer-by of the times.

It was born in Shandong and Henan provinces in 2007, and took the lead in capturing the travel needs of 600 million third-and fourth-tier urban residents.

Take Shandong, where the production and sales of Laodule have exceeded one million as an example. The distance between villages in Shandong is more than 20 kilometers, and it was not until 2014 that buses were connected between villages. Prior to this, residents’ travel tools were nothing more than motorcycles, agricultural vehicles and fuel vehicles.

Riding a motorcycle with iron wrapped in meat is prone to accidents when it is windy and rainy;

It is uncomfortable to open agricultural machinery, and the driver is hard to resist the heat and winter;

Those who use fuel cars are most afraid of not finding a gas station when they go out.

It is difficult to refuel in remote rural areas, and underground gas stations once appeared in Shandong. Source: Jining Net.

"The old man is happy" is different-Compared with iron-clad tricycles and motorcycles, it has a layer of metal cover to protect against wind and rain; More car air conditioning than agricultural machinery, comfortable travel; Compared with a fuel car, you can run 60 kilometers only by charging electricity at home for one night.

More importantly, "Old Man Le" is not expensive, which is in line with the consumption psychology of price-sensitive users.Price determines the market,This golden rule, which was then in the third-and fourth-tier towns, can still be reused in many areas today.

In 2008, the annual net income of rural residents in Shandong was 5641 yuan. Buying the cheapest car will cost 50,000 to 60,000 yuan, equivalent to 10 years’ income.

Buying an old man’s music is just right. The cheapest old man music is only 6000 yuan, which is less than the price of an iPhone.

Most of the "old people’s music" is concentrated in the price of about 20 thousand yuan, which can be equipped with air conditioning.Black technologies such as GPS navigation and reversing radar can be used.After buying such a "car", you can go back to the village and blow it.

Laotoule’s use cost is also low, and it can save nearly 10,000 yuan by going on the road "without taking a driver’s license test, licensing or insurance". In addition, "Laotoule" does not need to refuel, and the charging cost is 1/16 of the oil price.

In the early days, the information of towns and villages in the third and fourth lines was relatively blocked. If you want to buy a car, 37.8% of the residents will ask the car owners for information, and 23.2% of the residents will rely on the recommendation of relatives and friends. In terms of travel instead of walking, "Old Man Le" really solved the pain point of sheltering from the wind and rain, and it also relied on this.from mouth to mouth, "Old Man Le" sucks a group of KOL, and its carrying capacity is comparable to that of Tik Tok’s former brother Luo Yonghao.

In this way, "Old Man Le" has gained a firm foothold in Shandong and Henan, where the elderly population ranks in the top three. After accumulating the original capital, enterprises such as Yujie, Reading and Baoya, the leaders of "Old Man Music", also began to promote this product to towns and villages in the central and western regions such as Hubei, Guangxi and Shanxi.

In 2013, "Old Man Music" ushered in an outbreak. According to incomplete statistics,In 2020, there will be about 100 "Laotoule" enterprises above designated size, with an output of more than 2 million vehicles.

The regional manager of a battery supplier of "Lao Toule" still remembers that from 2016 to 2018, the battery business related to "Lao Toule" increased by 200% to 300% every year.

Another set of shocking data shows that by the end of 2020, the number of electric vehicles in China is less than 5 million, while the number of low-speed three-wheeled and four-wheeled electric vehicles, mainly Laodule, has exceeded 10 million as early as 2019.

The sales of "Old Man Le" ran wildly, relying on "peer foil".

Traditional car companies ignore the treasure of the rural market, and often the rural sales channels are not smooth, and there are few distribution sites. When buying low-emission cars, residents in third-and fourth-tier towns and villages have concerns about maintenance.

The "new forces to build cars" first paid attention to the markets of first-and second-tier cities, and after trying to gain a foothold, they surrounded the countryside from the cities.

It can be said that "Laotoule" took the lead in replacing the township battery cars, motorcycles and agricultural vehicles with about 100 million possessions.

However, "the old man is happy" has "original sin".

According to the regulations, only the models that have entered the catalogue of automobile announcements of the National Development and Reform Commission are allowed to be produced. Only the vehicles that enter the catalogue can get the license plate of the public security traffic control department, and the next step is the insurance process.

Most cheap and rough "old people’s music" can’t get on the "announcement catalogue" of the National Development and Reform Commission, and naturally they can’t get on the cards or get on the insurance.

It is not entirely true that the "old man is happy" enterprise illegally produces. Most enterprises are still "legally producing".They declared "Lao Toule" as an electric sightseeing bus, bypassed the National Development and Reform Commission and got the production license directly from the General Administration of Quality Supervision.

But in marketing, the enterprise intends to guide this as an "electric car".The safety hazard of this crashworthiness makes "Laodule" bear the notoriety of "mobile urn".

When the regulatory vacuum is filled, a dimension reduction blow to the "Old Man Le" enterprise is about to be staged.

Based on the registered capital of 10 million yuan, Cube Knowledge Manufacturing Bureau sorted out the "Old Man Le" enterprises that have left the market. Source of information: enterprise investigation, drawing: Cube Knowledge Manufacturing Bureau.

Three paths are difficult to survive

How does the cost killer Wuling Hongguang MINI EV bias the old man music enterprise?

Why did Laotoule enterprises switch to two-wheeled electric vehicles, go out to sea and upgrade to A00-class new energy vehicles? It seems that all roads lead to Rome, but every road will hit the wall.

If there is no "Old Man Le" to cultivate electric vehicle users in the rural travel market, the aura of Wuling Hongguang’s magical car may be dim by half.

At the beginning of 2019, "Laotoule" enterprises were required to ban new production capacity.

At this juncture, in July of that year, the national car Wuling Hongguang MINI EV was released-in the second month of listing, Tesla was pressed to become the monthly sales champion of new energy vehicles.

As we all know, the birth of Wuling Hongguang MINI EV comes from the discussion of the WeChat group of Wuling macro riders. Some female car owners complained that there was not a model with a travel radius of 10 ~ 20km, which could shelter from the wind and rain and was not expensive-macaroon color, small and lovely, and retro interior.

In response to user needs, MINI EV was born.According to the current words, this can be regarded as a C2M product.

Similarly, Wuling also understands the needs of township users through the corporate WeChat riders. Some car owners gave feedback in the group and couldn’t find a suitable place to put breakfast in the car. There is a hook on the new MINI EV model here.

Wuling Hongguang MINI EV Avocado Color Source: Wuling official website

Some people say that if "Old Man Le" is an "upgraded electric tricycle", then Wuling Hongguang MINI EV is a "degraded new energy vehicle".

According to the current standards for low-speed electric vehicles, Wuling Hongguang MINI EV is compliant except for the definition that the maximum speed is 100 km/h, which is higher than that of low-speed electric vehicles and lower than 70 km/h..

Low-speed electric vehicles no longer have separate standards, but are included in the standards of new energy vehicles, and the definition of miniature pure electric passenger cars is added;

Low-speed cars can only use Ferrous lithium phosphate or ternary lithium batteries;

Requirements for collision test, vehicle quality, motor performance, climbing performance and even tire pressure detection;

Low-speed electric vehicles are not included in the double carbon points, and there is no subsidy.

The "Laotoule" enterprise was shocked. Wuling Hongguang MINI EV used lithium batteries, but it only sold for 28,800 yuan.At that time, the price of "Lao Toule" products using lithium batteries was more than 40,000 yuan.

Cartography: Cube Knowledge Bureau

Wuling Hongguang MINI EV seems to have aimed at the short-distance travel market in the third-and fourth-tier towns during the shutdown period of "Old Man Le", and gradually disintegrated the core market of "Old Man Le".

At the time of the lockout, there are only three ways to live for the "Old Man Le" enterprise:Changing careers, going to sea, and becoming a full-fledged "car", however, each one is difficult.

1. Switch to two-wheeled electric vehicles: the market is saturated and shrinking.

To put it bluntly, the logic of "Lao Toule" enterprise being downgraded to be a two-wheeled electric vehicle is very simple.For the same market and people."Laotoule" enterprises can take advantage of the original channel advantages.

However, after the "old man’s music" experience, the travel thinking of the original user group has changed. If you are willing to take a driver’s license test and buy a mini electric car, few people are willing to continue riding a battery car.

Among the remaining users who don’t want to rely on driver’s licenses, Emma, Yadea and other two-wheeled electric vehicles got stuck in the market early. The latter can have advantages in product performance and cost through technology accumulation and large-scale production, and these barriers are difficult for latecomers to break through.

Cui Dongshu, Secretary-General of China Passenger Transport Association, told Cube Knowledge Building Bureau,China’s two-wheeled electric vehicle market is saturated and shrinking."There are not so many young people riding electric cars in China."

What can be confirmed is a set of data. Even with the replacement of lead-acid batteries, the cumulative sales of two-wheeled electric vehicles in China decreased by 13.9% in 2021.

2. Going to Europe and America: It is lower than the standard of passenger cars, but there is no anti-collision product yet.

There are also mini-cars in Europe, and they are very popular.

There are many old buildings and narrow roads in Europe, so small cars are more convenient to drive and park. For example, in Rome, many streets are only enough for two cars to meet. Even an old taxi driver can’t avoid scratching marks on the car body.

Different from Americans’ pursuit of tall and spacious models, European car companies have long paid attention to micro-fuel vehicles, which typically represent Mercedes-Benz Smart and Volkswagen Beetle.

However, the European market lacks low-speed micro electric vehicles. This is because of the EU’s carbon emission policy,The compliance cost of car companies is spread equally on each electric car, ranging from 600 to 1,000 euros.(about RMB 4629.7 ~ 7716.2).

Like domestic users, European mini-car users are price-sensitive, and the price of mini-cars is about 108,000 yuan. If the compliance cost is passed on to the consumer, it is difficult for users to buy it. Therefore, European car companies are reluctant to produce electric mini-cars.

This gives the temptation for China’s "Old Man Le" to export to Europe. As early as 2016, China exported 100,000 "Laodule". The surviving "Laodule" enterprises can still have a chance as long as they meet European standards.

"Compared with passenger cars, the standard of road vehicles like’ Old Man Le’ is lower."Cui Dongshu thinks.

Smart concept car in 993 Source: Wikimedia

Another gold mine is America.Kaiyun Automobile, an enterprise of "Laotoule", is a typical representative.Export miniature electric pickup truck.

Pickup truck is a totem of American culture and a necessary component in American movies. It is spacious and can carry people and goods. In 2021, it sold 2.84 million vehicles.

In 2021, the world’s largest IPO“Rivian ",which raised $11.9 billion, was an American electric pickup truck manufacturer. It is the double-carbon express train and American pickup truck feelings that make investors shout out "Tesla killer" and "the next Tesla", although Rivian has not yet mass-produced and delivered less than 1,000 cars, most of the buyers are employees.

Kaiyun Automobile was established in 2013, aiming at the end distribution scene in the rural market-Replace the battery car and tricycle of the courier brother.

At the beginning of its establishment, Kaiyun Automobile referred to the standard of electric vehicles. The first product was equipped with lithium iron phosphate battery, with a single battery life of 80 kilometers. These accumulations have also landed the new regulations and vacated the time to deal with them.

Source: Pickman official website, USA

Kaiyun Automobile is headquartered in California, with sales outlets in rural areas such as Texas, Kentucky and Idaho. Pickman miniature electric pickup trucks sold are priced between $13,500 and $30,000, while Ford F-150, which sold more than 700,000 vehicles last year, started at $39,900.

Only in terms of performance, the F-150 has a battery life of 230 miles.(370 km)Pickman is only 50~110 miles.(80~177 km), less than half of the former.

To run in the sparsely populated American countryside, price is one aspect, and endurance is another key point.

At present, Kaiyun Automobile has not announced the sales volume in the US market. Cubic Manufacturing Bureau has contacted Kaiyun related persons, but as of press time, the other party has not replied.

3. Join the regular army: The road is blocked by Wuling Hongguang MINI EV.


Going to sea in Europe and America is an "old man’s music enterprise" that seeks outward, and only taking root inward can it become a regular car-making army.

To build a car, it seems that only the "old man music" industry leaders like Yujie and Reading can afford it.

Cartography of Transformation Action of Common "Old Man Music" Manufacturers: Cube Knowing and Building Bureau

Yujie once ranked first in the sales volume of "Old Man Le" for five consecutive years. Since 2015, it plans to spin off the business of "Old Man Le" and produce it by a subsidiary, taking two roads: high-speed cars and low-speed cars.

On the road of car-building qualification, Yujie hugged the thigh of traditional car companies-the Great Wall. In July 2017, Great Wall and Yujie established a joint venture company.Great Wall is willing to cooperate with Yujie, one is to take a fancy to Yujie’s channel laying in the sinking market, and the other is the carbon points of the joint venture.

In the agreement, the positive points of Yujie’s fuel consumption are all directly transferred to the Great Wall for free, and the positive points of new energy vehicles are given priority for sale to the Great Wall.

Double integral policy: the integral is divided into two types: fuel consumption and new energy. Two kinds of negative points can be deducted by obtaining new energy positive points from other car companies through transactions, transfers, etc.

If the fuel consumption reduction of fuel vehicles produced by passenger car enterprises can not meet the standard, negative fuel consumption points will be generated; If an enterprise fails to produce a certain number of new energy vehicles in proportion, it will also generate negative points for new energy.

Reading is even more heroic. In 2018, it acquired Shaanxi Qin Xing Automobile, and in early 2019, it wholly acquired Sichuan Mustang Automobile for 1.45 billion yuan, and obtained the qualification to build a car.

However, the "old man music" made a car and the short board was exposed.

In 2018, Yujie’s first electric small SUV participated in the International Electric Vehicle Challenge around Qinghai Lake. When winding the pile, the SUV skidded out of control, the vehicle broke its axle and the left front wheel fell off.

Interlaced like a mountain. The original "Old Man Le" product is just a simple transformation of "sightseeing bus".Did not form a car know-how.

In the ten years when "Old Man Le" prevailed, new energy vehicle enterprises were busy investing in research and development and technology accumulation, waiting for accumulation, and "Old Man Le" enterprises turned around in low value-added production.

In the view of Cube Knowledge Manufacturing Bureau, if products such as A00 class electric vehicles are to be built, the road leading to Rome is blocked by Wuling Hongguang MINI EV.

First of all, Wuling Hongguang MINI EV hasfirst mover advantage, get stuck on the track. Speaking of micro electric vehicles, despite Chery, Euler and other similar products, under the marketing frenzy, most people’s impression is still that national car.

Moreover, the net profit rate of MINI EV is only 2%~3%, and Wuling with deep pockets has made it clear that it will not give new entrants a way out in price-Wuling Hongguang’s.The low-price strategy is based on the cost control of the supply chain, which supports the right to speak in the supply chain and reduces costs in large-scale production. It is sales volume.

The monthly sales of Wuling Hongguang MINI EV broke 50,000 vehicles during the peak period, making it a national car. However, the enterprises that have transformed from "Laotoule" to build cars have not yet seen models with monthly sales exceeding 10,000.

Say a shocking number, according to the data of the owner’s guide network, the highest monthly sales volume of Redding mango models that have been on the hit variety Hunan Satellite TV "Chinese Restaurant" is only 6,056. Although the price of Redding Mango starts from 29,800 yuan, it is 32,800 yuan lower than the lowest price of Wuling Hongguang MINI EV and 3,000 yuan cheaper.

Redding’s profitability is difficult to catch up with Wuling before it can reach the same scale output as Wuling Hongguang MINI EV to reduce costs.

To put it bluntly, the "Old Man Le" enterprise was biased by Wuling Hongguang MINI EV, even ignoring that this car was not set to make big money.But to accumulate carbon points—

In 2020, SAIC-GM-Wuling earned 1.3 billion yuan worth of carbon points just by selling MINI EV. At that time, the carbon points were 3,000 yuan/minute.

Nowadays, traditional car companies have begun to transform to produce new energy vehicles. At the beginning of this year, the price of carbon credits fell to 500~800 yuan/min. It is not until 2021 that the "Laotoule" car company that started to launch micro-electric vehicles missed the sale of carbon dividends.

"I’m not optimistic about the competition of’ Laotoule’ enterprises in A00-class new energy vehicles. Many enterprises are not seriously transforming, but more regard A00 vehicles as a spare tire." Cui Dongshu thinks.

After the elimination of a batch, the compliant "Old Man Le" stood still in the vacant market, and new energy vehicles like Wuling Hongguang also penetrated into the low-end market on a large scale. Old Man Le enterprises still think that there is still a good time.

In 2021, the rural per capita disposable income in China reached 18,100 yuan.Their shopping habits are gradually shifting from cost performance to brand.When the beat of China’s manufacturing transformation and upgrading rings, products like "Old Man Le" will eventually become a thing of the past on the road of villages and towns.

Neglected hidden worries, combined with the new energy vehicle Jiawei attack and detours, what the "old man le" enterprises need to think about is how to survive better in the future.

Low-speed electric vehicle supply chain enterprises with registered capital of more than 300 million yuan. Source of information: enterprise investigation, drawing: Cube Knowledge Manufacturing Bureau.

Dislocation competition

Cubic Manufacturing Bureau has combed three tracks for the transformation and upgrading of Laodule enterprises in terms of market, demand and technology. Only by seeking to sink the market, meet the core needs of users and upgrade technology can "Laotoule" enterprises break through under the pressure of Wuling Hongguang MINI EV.

The answer is to find the core competitiveness of "old man music"-apart from the regulatory vacuum, why can "old man music" be popular?

The answer to the future is written in the past—The demand for short-distance travel of township residents in the third and fourth lines.

Cube Knowledge Bureau combed three ideas of dislocation competition:

1. Seek a sinking market

In a sense, "the old man is happy" has cultivated the acceptance of new energy vehicles in rural markets.The "Old Man Music" started from the rural areas of Shandong and Henan where power and road infrastructure are relatively mature.Nowadays, this market is favored by Wuling Hongguang MINI EV-the largest consumption place of Wuling Hongguang MINI EV in 2020 is Heze City, Shandong Province.

However, the layout of Wuling Hongguang is more inclined to the third-tier towns. Take Shanxi Province as an example, there are 8 stores of Wuling Hongguang in Taiyuan, and only one in Datong at the next level.

The vacant location happens to be a familiar space for "Laotoule" car companies.Rural markets in the third and fourth lines and below,The urban strategy is misplaced with Wuling Hongguang MINI EV.

China’s first-and second-tier rural areas with relatively mature economy also have sinking rural markets that have not been out of poverty for a long time. At the moment when the whole people are out of poverty, the rural areas of China have basically achieved full coverage of stable and reliable power supply services, and the sinking rural market has also met the demand for travel instead of walking.

For example, according to official data of Reading, the sales network covers more than 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, including 2,700 first-class dealers and 7,000 second-class dealers. This is a good card in Reading’s hand.

It is a good card just because of the channels laid out when "Old Man Music" entered Shanxi.

2. Dig deep into the needs of middle-aged users

Wuling Hongguang MINI EV has a positioning for users-"town lady, town youth".

According to Wuling’s statistics, among the people who buy MINI EV nationwide in 2020, users aged 20-30 account for 40%, and white-collar workers account for 30%.

"The old man is happy" is different-The users of "Laotoule" are mostly middle-aged and elderly people over 40 years old.Travel both agriculture and business.

Therefore, it seems that the spokesperson of MINI EV is Ren Min, a post-00 actor, and the spokesperson of Reading chose Huang Xiaoming, an actor with heavy eyebrows and eyes and familiar to middle-aged and old friends.

In the view of the Cube Knowledge Building Bureau, what the "Old Man Le" enterprise really needs to think about now is the real needs of the target population-

For example, how can a mini electric car better hold farm tools? How can a micro electric vehicle adapt to the cargo capacity during the agricultural harvest period?

3. Technical breakthrough

Miniature electric vehicles such as "Laotoule" can harvest the market, and there is also a geographical factor-the Central Plains is plain, so driving electric vehicles does not need to worry about the power loss caused by mountain climbing.

Another key breakthrough in the dislocation competition with MINI EV,How to fill the travel of rural residents in hilly and mountainous rural areas.

This will involve the core of the micro electric vehicle-the three electric systems. The endurance of lithium batteries is the talent of new energy vehicles, and the motor is the key to turn talent into strength.

According to interviews with relevant persons from the Cube Knowledge Manufacturing Bureau, the overlap between the supply chain of "Laotoule" and new energy vehicles was not high before. At the moment when it is converted into new energy vehicles, what "Laotoule" enterprises need to consider is how to improve the right to speak in the automobile industry chain.

In the future, "Laotoule" will break through new markets by accumulating technology and experience and adapting to the needs of the target market.

coda

When "Old Man Le" was born, it was called "Shanzhai" car, echoing a history made in China around 2000.

Huaqiang North was born in the rough era of electronic product manufacturing in China. Narrow shops, selling high imitation, branded and miscellaneous brands of mobile phones-attract mobile phone users who pursue low cost.

Especially in 2006, MediaTek’s MTK mobile phone chip integrated motherboard and software, which lowered the threshold of mobile phone production. Some cottage manufacturers are moving towards the ranks of brands-Tianyu, G5 and Pepper.

At one time, there were more than 50 billionaires here.

When shanzhai mobile phones die out under control, China’s mobile phone industry chain is tough in the precipitation-OPPO and vivo from Shenzhen are on the same stage as Apple in the mobile phone market in China.

The halo of transformation and upgrading will also infiltrate into the "Old Man Le" industrial chain.

"Old Man Music" is limited to a certain point in China’s manufacturing industry. At first, it seems that the local government turned a blind eye to "Old Man Music". Before the new energy vehicles matured, industrial chains and clusters were formed through such a "cottage car" product, and a market for specific people was cultivated for "new energy vehicles".

"Shanzhai" exit, transformation and upgrading, is a doomed melody.Those enterprises that still maintain low value-added production will eventually be eliminated by this era.

The new energy vehicles in China are on the rise, and even Internet giants Baidu, Ali, Tencent and Huawei are involved in the workshop. Although the sinking market is huge, it will be difficult to break through when the giants also storm the sinking gold mine, if the "Old Man Le" enterprise still sticks to the moss-covered castle.

How can the wandering tail geese catch up with the flying fleet?

reference data

Peel P50: Tiny car that sold for big bucks Daily Mail

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Present situation, problems and future development strategy of low-speed electric vehicle industry in China Journal of Automotive Engineering

Should we develop fake cars? China automobile industry

"shanzhai cars" occupy rural areas.

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"Old scooter", Strengthening the Procuratorate Daily in Doubt

"Old man music" turns positive OR dies?

Behind the sales of Wuling Hongguang MINI EV, the median national resident is 22,157 yuan.

User Portrait and Cost Analysis of Hongguang MINI EV Electric Vehicle Observer

"Emission Reduction" Business of New Energy Vehicle Enterprises: Double Points+Carbon Trading shanghai securities news

Brief History Interface of "Old Man Music"

Who is "killing" the old man? Bull market materialism

Little Superman’s Pickup: Rivian’s Ambition: Longbridge Dolphin Research

Reading and Mavericks: Two-wheel-to-four-wheel upgrade, is it a vent or a window? Easy car

Study on Electric Vehicle Travel in Rural Areas of China China Electric Vehicle committee of 100

Replacing "Old Man’s Music": New Energy Vehicles Impede Shell Finance in Rural Market

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:Cube Knowledge Manufacturing Bureau (ID: M3zhizaoju), Author: Sun Pengfei, Editor: Tang Xiaoyuan