Special feature of 1905 film network A Buddha’s head, a puzzle, is behind the inheritance and protection of three generations spanning 50 years.Directed by, adapted from the movie hit of the novel of the same name. The score of this piece of watercress is 6.4, that of Taobao Film is 9.0, that of cat’s eye is 9.0, and that of Weibo Big V is 92%.

　

The film focuses on the low-key and mysterious antique circle in the 1990s, a jade Buddha head of Wu Zetian Mingtang in Tang Dynasty returned by Japan, which involves a secret history of antiques and rivers and lakes involving three generations. In the movie, the members of the "Treasure Squad" make a wish, the medicine is not good, the smoke is yellow, the money is expensive, and the experts in the antique industry all "enter the game". By presenting a dazzling array of rare antiques, the unheard-of means of ancient identification and the interlocking close encounter of mahjong, they bring the audience a unique picture of all beings in the antique world.

　

With the Millennium Buddha’s head in this world, antique rivers and lakes collided with lost cultural relics, and many forces such as Five Veins and Old Chaofeng were involved. Down and out, the "ancient three generations" made a wish and the pharmacist, your son, or they had different purposes, racing, chasing, fighting, and tit-for-tat PK treasure. In the process of all parties’ efforts to seize the treasure, along the five-star and twenty-eight-night god figure, heavenly stems and earthly branches, the puzzle of Go, the Morse code, the mother mirror, the secret language of Duobaoge, drilling holes to explore the tomb, the secret passage of the organ and other clues, we will reveal the confusing and shocking scam and explore the unknown past under the complex forces occupied by all parties.

　

From the beginning to the end, the film is performing all kinds of reversal dramas, leading the audience to solve puzzles layer by layer and gradually clear customs. In the dramatic conflict of bureau, the title of Antique close encounter of mahjong is appropriately echoed. On the one hand, the puzzle-solving adventures are interlocking, on the other hand, gags are full of tricks, which increases the audience’s sense of substitution and the visibility of the film. The relatively professional antique identification knowledge in the film also invisibly popularized the corresponding science for the audience, which opened a door for us to understand the antique market.

　

Playing the wishing surface is cynical, which is in sharp contrast with its top antique treasure-hunting skills; The medicine played is either good or evil, and diamond cut diamond is also an enemy and friend; Huang Yanyan, who plays the chivalrous daughter, is the only female role in the "Treasure Squad", smart and capable; "Comedy" plays Fu Gui, an old friend of the Xu family who holds important clues. He seems to be a generation who lives in drag, but he knows that the times are sinister and fights with his life to protect the son of the old friend. He also injects a sense of humor into the arrogant antique rivers and lakes during the treasure hunt. The supporting role in the film is also very brilliant. The guest Jianghu person Shen Ye switches freely between the two identities of mother and bully, saying the most malicious words with the gentlest expression and doing the most malicious things; Playing the simple and honest coppersmith in the film, this time covering his eyebrows for the role, and subverting the dangerous villain Zheng Guoqu, it is creepy.

　

Prior to this, the original novel Antique close encounter of mahjong has been adapted into three online dramas, and this is the first time that the book has been adapted into a movie and landed on the big screen. There are as many as 3,000 design drawings for the film, and the crew borrowed a large number of antique props when shooting, and at most 15,000 pieces were used in one scene. The film also took the risk of using real antiques as props and borrowed 31 precious antiques from Mr. Zhai Jianmin, a famous porcelain collector and antique appraiser, to create a real sense of historical atmosphere. In the film, the Mingtang Jade Buddha Head was made by hand carving and 3D printing, which took 7 months to make.

　

National treasure is the heavy weapon of the country, bearing the heavy history and culture of China, representing the cultural essence and profound historical details of a country. Grandpa Xu Yicheng, who wished to protect the national treasure, did not hesitate to bear the blame and humiliation and died. His father Xu Heping kept a secret and left without saying goodbye. Three generations devoted themselves to guarding the Buddha’s head in Mingtang during Wu Zetian’s period, and fought bravely with the Japanese invaders and treasure thieves, and finally contributed to the Buddha’s safe return to China. The country is too big to hold a complete cultural relic. In the era of mourning for the country and mourning for the people, under the confusing antique close encounter of mahjong, the protection of the national treasure Buddha’s head is also a guardian of the spirit and belief of the Chinese nation and a manifestation of national feelings.

　　The picture shows the teachers and students of Wanling School taking basketball elective courses. Information picture

　　Core reading

　　Some rural schools in Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County of Hainan Province once faced hollowing out: weak teachers and loss of students.

　　In recent years, Qiongzhong County has improved the conditions for running schools, introduced excellent teachers, and done a good job in controlling dropouts … … With the improvement of teaching quality, Qiongzhong County has attracted more than 3,000 primary and secondary school students to return.

　　The geographical boundary is partial, the teachers are weak, and there are few students — — At one time, Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County in Hainan Province faced the problem of hollowing out rural schools, and many students went to school outside the county. Qiongzhong County, which withdrew from the poverty-stricken counties in 2019, now has another scene.

　　Since 2015, more than 3,000 primary and middle school students have returned to Qiongzhong County from outside the county, accounting for 60% of the growth of students in the basic education stage of the county. At the same time, the comprehensive evaluation index of the senior high school entrance examination in Qiongzhong County jumped from the bottom of the province in 2009 to the top eight in the province in recent four years.

　　Introduce backbone teachers and reform assessment methods.

　　Wanling School in Qiongzhong County was once a school facing the merger, ranking last in the comprehensive evaluation of the senior high school entrance examination in the county. In 2016, Wanling School introduced a principal and 11 key teachers. The arrival of excellent teachers and the gradual improvement of hardware have quietly changed this school.

　　"When I first came, this village school was in the hearts of local people ‘ Can’t save lives ’ School. " Bao Rui became the principal of Wanling School through competition in 2016. He remembers that when he first came, there were only 81 students in the middle school, and often half of them were not in class.

　　Fu Yongdong, director of the Education Bureau of Qiongzhong County, clearly remembers that before he went to a rural school for investigation and looked at a class’s physics test paper, almost all the scores of more than 40 people in the class were 30 to 40 points. "Teachers are very important to the level of education. It is difficult to improve the level of local teachers in a short time, and children can’t afford it. " Fu Yongdong said.

　　Since 2015, Hainan Province has successively implemented the introduction project of "good principals and good teachers" and the introduction project of "one city (county), two schools and one park" for high-quality educational resources, and provincial-level financial special subsidies have been given to cities and counties to run basic education well.

　　Taking this opportunity, since 2015, Qiongzhong County has introduced 24 outstanding principals and 133 key teachers from more than 20 provinces across the country, and the number of key teachers in the county has doubled. At the same time, priority is given to financial expenditure to ensure basic education. Since 2015, the county has invested more than 600 million yuan to improve school conditions.

　　More crucially, there is the reform of teachers’ assessment methods. Qiongzhong County eliminated the principals from the bottom of nine comprehensive evaluations in the school year, which widened the performance pay gap of teachers, and broke the situation of "teaching well and teaching poorly, with little difference".

　　In August, 2020, Wang Leilei was admitted to the post of rural backbone teacher in Qiongzhong County, but she missed the employment inspection because of her father’s sudden illness. Two months later, when her father was discharged from the hospital, Wang Leilei told Qiongzhong County Education Bureau that she still wanted to teach. Although the position was not full, the relevant departments of the county refused the request of the Education Bureau to make up the record according to the recruitment procedure. Fu Yongdong was in a hurry and went directly to the county leaders. Finally, through the decision of the county government executive meeting, Wang Leilei was re-recorded.

　　"I can’t think of making up a teacher, and I can put it on the county government executive meeting." Wang Leilei lamented Qiongzhong’s courage in introducing talents.

　　Perfecting the competitive employment system and stimulating teaching motivation

　　According to the new assessment method of Qiongzhong County Education Bureau, Wanling School has established an assessment mechanism with workload and teaching quality as the main standards. In the first semester of implementation, the performance pay that teachers got was up to more than 7,000 yuan. Some teachers couldn’t accept the gap for a while and found Bao Rui to complain.

　　"Controversy is not a bad thing, forcing schools to further revise and improve rules and regulations." Fu Yongdong said. Qiongzhong county began to plan how to make local teachers and imported teachers better form a joint force in this reform.

　　Qiongzhong County has broken the school boundaries, established 129 discipline regional teaching and research groups, combined more than 2,200 teachers in the county in each discipline regional teaching and research group, and arranged the imported discipline backbone teachers and local excellent teachers as the discipline regional teaching and research team leaders, so that teachers can communicate and integrate in teaching and research practice regardless of local or foreign.

　　The introduction of teachers does not account for the number of local teachers’ professional titles, and local teachers do not have to worry that the growth space will be squeezed. In addition, Qiongzhong tilted the financial subsidy funds to remote rural teachers and distributed rural teacher subsidies, from which more than 500 local teachers in the county benefited.

　　In 2018, Qiongzhong County began to implement the equal competition mechanism between local teachers and imported teachers. Successful local teachers can get a one-time educational talent award. During the employment period, they will be assessed equally with the imported educational talents and enjoy the annual assessment subsidy.

　　Wang Bo, a local teacher, was hired as the headmaster of a village. He said, "Years of tempering and learning from the introduction of key teachers have made me confident to stand on the competition platform and compete with everyone." In the past two years, there have been 15 outstanding local teachers like Wang Bo.

　　Gradually, the system has been straightened out, and more teachers have devoted themselves to teaching. Local teachers are actively preparing lessons and competing with imported teachers to attend open classes. There are even teachers in Wanling School who have been invited to the province to take part in marking the senior high school entrance examination.

　　Clear the number of dropouts and care for left-behind children

　　In Wanling School, Bao Rui is not only the principal, but also the "surrogate parents" of the students. In 2016, Qiongzhong included more than 6,000 poor students and left-behind children in the county into the "four ones" care system. More than 2,000 teachers, as "acting parents" of students in charge, "meet once a day, talk once a week, visit once a month, and evaluate the help effect once a semester".

　　"There are especially many single-parent left-behind children in rural areas here. Some classes have more than forty children, and only a few are not single-parent left-behind children. Schools and teachers have to take good care of them." Bao Rui said. “‘ Four ones ’ The operation of the care system makes teachers want to manage, dare to manage, and manage, and find ways to ensure that every student can complete the nine-year compulsory education. " Deng Shizhi, president of Wushi School in Wanling Town, said. Controlling dropping out of school has always been one of the key tasks of education in Qiongzhong County. After years of efforts, the number of dropouts in Qiongzhong County has been cleared.

　　The change of educational atmosphere and the improvement of teaching quality have brought about the progress of students’ grades. In 2020, there were 432 undergraduate college entrance examinations in Qiongzhong County, 102 more than in 2019. What makes Fu Yongdong even more gratified is that in the senior high school entrance examination in 2020, 75 of the top 100 students in Qiongzhong County chose to stay in Qiongzhong County to attend high school.

　　Over the years, depending on the relevant policies of the state and the province, Wanling School has received nearly 30 million yuan in financial support, which has comprehensively improved the campus hardware facilities. At present, the school has more than 130 teachers. The teaching building is clean and bright, with computer room, library, laboratory, etc. The plastic track, basketball court and swimming pool are fully equipped, and the multimedia teaching equipment of Banbantong covers all classes. At present, there are 1105 students in school, including more than 400 students returning from surrounding cities and counties.

　　"Frankly speaking, we are still making up the historical debts and getting back the confidence of teachers and the trust of parents." Fu Yongdong said that in order to make every child learn at home, educators in the county are taking a step forward in a down-to-earth manner.

　　Wanling Street, which was once lonely, became lively again, accompanied by the sound of books and laughter from the school. "Running a school well can change a village. The change of Wanling school is the weak school in Hainan rural areas ‘ Counterattack ’ Typical, but it has not yet reached the best appearance of rural schools in my mind, and I will continue to work hard to realize this dream. " Bao Rui said.

　　Chen Wei

　　The Journey to the West is a well-known famous novel, whose content can be said to be a projection of social life at that time, and there are many descriptions of the Silk Road in the book. In the eighty-fourth time, four men and women passed through France and heard that the king was only four places short of his wish to slaughter thousands of monks, so they had to dress up as businessmen. This is the strongest plot of The Journey to the West’s trade on the Silk Road, which allows us to understand many aspects of the Ming Dynasty trade, such as the appellation of merchants, the custody of property in business travel, the price and trading methods of bulk goods, and so on, which also involves the important trade on the Silk Road — — Selling horses.

　　Important areas in silk road trade

　　On the Silk Road, in addition to silk, many goods such as tea and porcelain continued to flow between China and other regions in large quantities, which made the connection between different cultures close and stable, and made ancient China an important puzzle in the world system.

　　Horses are similar to the above-mentioned materials, but in the opposite direction. They are a large number of commodities imported into China from abroad in history. We sometimes see such names as "Silk Horse Trade" and "Tea Horse Road". It can be said that horses are integrated with China’s export materials such as silk, tea and porcelain, and exchanged among the parties in the market along the Silk Road.

　　Horses have been used in China since the Bronze Age, and a special institution for raising and managing horses has been set up in the central government. However, at that time, there was still an urgent need to build elite cavalry horses, so Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty obtained the "West Pole Tianma" from Central Asia at all costs. After the Han Dynasty, there was a gradual physical trade between the Central Plains Dynasty and the surrounding nomadic regimes in exchange for good horses. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the imperial court bought tens of thousands of horses every year.

　　Horse trade is not unique between China and its neighboring ethnic groups. Riding originated in the vast Eurasian grassland, where the interaction between nomadic people and surrounding areas may lead to the flow of horses. Horse trade is not limited to Eurasian grasslands. For example, after the emergence of cavalry and chariots in ancient Egypt in the 15th century BC, Kush, which is located in the south of them, which is today’s Sudan, was used as a good horse producing area. In the 8th century BC, a large number of horses from ancient Egypt were imported into the Near East, forming the chariot forces of Assyria, a military power.

　　Around this time, Sketai people gradually marched from Eurasian grassland to the Black Sea and even the Danube River basin, and their superb riding skills left a deep impression on the ancient Greeks. Later, the ancient Greeks established colonies around the Black Sea, from which they obtained the horses of the Skettians. It can be seen that horse trade has appeared in different parts of the world since nearly 3000 years ago and has become an important part of transnational trade.

　　Development of Xiangma Technology

　　Because horses are always valuable strategic resources, how to develop the knowledge of knowing, raising and protecting horses to make the best use of them has become an important task in agricultural areas. As the old saying goes, "Bole is rare", but from a global perspective, Bole, which is good at horse-riding, is found in all civilizations.

　　In the pre-Qin period, the horse administration was quite perfect. Zhou Li said that the primary task of horse officials was to distinguish good horses that were suitable for running on different roads and those that could only serve and contribute. Not later than the Han dynasty, people have systematically summarized the experience of distinguishing horses and formed a kind of works such as Xiangma Jing. Xiang Ma Jing, a silk book unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb, has a full text of more than 5,200 words. The morphology of the head, eyes, limbs and other parts is used to identify different levels of horses such as national horses, national treasures, world horses and Juechen. A part of Xiang Ma Jing preserved in Qi Min Yao Shu by Jia Sixie in the Northern Wei Dynasty further linked the five senses with the five zang-organs, and developed the method of Xiang Ma Wu-organs.

　　If the Spring and Autumn Period, the Warring States Period and the Qin and Han Dynasties were the period of vigorous development of horse breeding in China, ancient Greece and Rome, which were located at the other end of Eurasia at the same time, were also rich. Ma Jin was described in detail in the zoological discourses of Aristotle, Ariane and Pliny Sr, in the agricultural works of Varo and Krumera, and in the veterinary works of Peragnius. Its content includes not only the knowledge of breeding and feeding needed for keeping horses, but also the method of determining the age of horses according to teeth — — The latter is especially important to see through the deception of unscrupulous horse dealers when buying and selling.

　　The earliest book on horse breeding in ancient India, The Complete Book of Sally Hotra, was written in the 3rd century BC. The book records the anatomy, physiology, diseases and surgery of horses, as well as the knowledge of identifying the age of horses. Judging from the chapter structure, the book may have internal relations with ancient Greek works.

　　The knowledge of horse husbandry in classical times, especially the knowledge of anatomy and physiology of horses, was inherited by Arab animal husbandry with the translation movement. Influenced by the teachings of the prophet Muhammad, Arab princes and nobles especially like thoroughbred horses, so the main job of Arab Bole is to identify whether horses have noble origins. They can search the characteristics and lineages of various famous horses, and can also judge their lineages according to their external characteristics.

　　The horse riding in different cultures is obviously the product of the continuous stimulation of ancient zoology by the horse trade. In terms of knowledge content, there is no lack of overlap between different cultures, but in terms of theme and preference, they are different with the implication of horses in local culture. For example, China Xiang Equestrian selects "Maxima" who is good at running in order to enrich cavalry; In ancient Greece, horses were mostly used as draught animals, so it was important to identify the age teeth.

　　So how did Tang Priest choose a horse? According to the biography of Xuanzang in the Tang Dynasty, he bought a strong horse at first, but later, when crossing the desert, he listened to the words of an old man and changed to an old horse that had traveled back and forth dozens of times. This is just the opposite of the experience of changing horses in The Journey to the West.

　　(The author is an associate researcher at the Institute of Natural Science History, Chinese Academy of Sciences)